Role of vitamin D in shrinkage of uterine leiomyoma in 2050 years old women with vitamin D deficiency

Abstract

Introduction: Uterine leiomyoma represented localized proliferation of smooth muscle cells that surrounded by a pseudocapsule composed of compressed muscle fiber. Leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor in women genital tract. Objectives: Studies show vitamin D can inhibit cellular proliferation and production of extracellular matrix and reduce of tumor size. Patients and Methods: We selected 106 women 20-50 years old with uterine fibroid. They had serum 25(OH) vitamin D level less than 20 ng/mL. They had no indication for surgery. They divided randomly in two group of 53 for each. One group (case) would receive 300 000 IU vitamin D intramuscular per month for two times. Other group (control) would not. End of third month both groups with TVS (trans-vaginal sonography) were evaluated. Results: Association between vitamin D and reduce tumor volume (P = 0.0075), age 30-39 (P = 0.0054) and level of serum vitamin D 10 to 19.9 ng/mL (P = 0.0222) is significant while association with tumor number and tumor site is not significant. In patients who received vitamin D compared to the control group, the uterine fibroid volume was reduced (P = 0.0075) or remained without change. Conclusion: Vitamin D can be used as an alternative treatment for uterine fibroid or prevention of tumor growth.